RP-0002
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A Survey on the Use of Social Media and Instant Messaging in Providing Treatment Information for Cleft Patients: A Single Foundation's Experience RP-0002
Maritza May Pagan · Research
INTRODUCTION: Social media platforms are used for support and getting health information to manage or overcome disease. Since 2006, The Noordhoff Craniofacial Foundation Philippines, Inc. (NCFP) has provided subsidies for treatment of cleft lip and palate to indigent patients. In 2018, it began utilizing Facebook and Messenger to foster supportive environments for patient communication and education. The study objective was to determine the perception of using these platforms.
METHODS: A quantitative descriptive study design was employed. Cleft lip and palate patients or their caregivers answered a 6-part online questionnaire. The survey included questions on general information and their perception of the NCFP platforms. Responses were collected in 4 weeks, and data were analyzed using STATA ver.16.0.
RESULTS: The 138 participants were members of 1, 2, or all 3 groups. Of the participants, 90.6% (125) were part of the Facebook Group (Group I), 12.3% (17) were part of the Peer Messenger Group (Group II), and 21.7% (30) were part of the Parents’ Messenger Group (Group III). Group I was found to be the easiest to use by 76.8% of the respondents. In total, 94.6% of Group I, 48.5% of Group II, and 47.3% of Group III thought these groups helped them in treatment decision-making. The 45%, 25.7%, and 28% for Groups I, II, and III, respectively felt a decrease in their perceived need for in-person visits. Patient satisfaction was 95.4%, 50.5%, and 52.7% in Groups I, II, and III, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The perception on the use of social media platforms is different among the 3 groups. Group I ranked the highest in ease of use and help with decision-making but less than half the participants found that the 3 groups led to a decrease in the perceived need for in-person visits. Overall, their experience of using social media groups was positive.
METHODS: A quantitative descriptive study design was employed. Cleft lip and palate patients or their caregivers answered a 6-part online questionnaire. The survey included questions on general information and their perception of the NCFP platforms. Responses were collected in 4 weeks, and data were analyzed using STATA ver.16.0.
RESULTS: The 138 participants were members of 1, 2, or all 3 groups. Of the participants, 90.6% (125) were part of the Facebook Group (Group I), 12.3% (17) were part of the Peer Messenger Group (Group II), and 21.7% (30) were part of the Parents’ Messenger Group (Group III). Group I was found to be the easiest to use by 76.8% of the respondents. In total, 94.6% of Group I, 48.5% of Group II, and 47.3% of Group III thought these groups helped them in treatment decision-making. The 45%, 25.7%, and 28% for Groups I, II, and III, respectively felt a decrease in their perceived need for in-person visits. Patient satisfaction was 95.4%, 50.5%, and 52.7% in Groups I, II, and III, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The perception on the use of social media platforms is different among the 3 groups. Group I ranked the highest in ease of use and help with decision-making but less than half the participants found that the 3 groups led to a decrease in the perceived need for in-person visits. Overall, their experience of using social media groups was positive.
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CP-0007
- Title
- Long-Term Outcomes of Korat Nasoalveolar Molding in a Patient with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A 16-Years Interdisciplinary Follow-up
- Author(s)
- Somsri Klachoho
- Affiliation
- Cleft Center Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital
Long-Term Outcomes of Korat Nasoalveolar Molding in a Patient with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A 16-Years Interdisciplinary Follow-up CP-0007
Somsri Klachoho · Case Study
Introduction:
To present the comprehensive interdisciplinary treatment protocol and long-term outcomes of a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using the Korat Nasoalveolar Molding (Korat-NAM) protocol from infancy through adolescence.
Materials & Methods:
A 4-day-old male infant presented with a right complete UCLP, wide alveolar and palatal cleft and severe cleft lip nasal deformity. Korat-NAM-I was initiated immediately after birth to approximate the alveolar segments, reduce the alveolar and palatal clefts, elevate the collapsed nasal dome, improve columellar length, and mold the nasal cartilage. Primary cleft-lip repair with nasal-floor closure and primary rhinoplasty was performed at 6-months-old. Korat-NAM-II was worn until primary palatoplasty at 18 months -old to maintain nasal correction, followed by Korat-NAM-III from 18 months to further preserve nasal morphology. At 7.6-year-old, a fan-shaped maxillary-expansion-appliance was used to correct mid-arch collapse in preparation for secondary alveolar bone grafting. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment with extraction of the four first premolars using fixed appliances commenced at 13.4-year-old to resolve malocclusion. Speech therapy was provided continuously throughout growth.
Results:
At 15.8-year-old, patient demonstrated a straight facial profile with good nasal-projection, satisfactory lip and nasal esthetics, Class I occlusion, and 1-mm overjet. Serial lateral-cephalometric analysis from 7.6-year-old to 15.8-year-old showed ANB angle change from 2° to −1°, reflecting mandibula- growth while maintaining acceptable skeletal and dental relationships. Functional, esthetics and speech outcomes were satisfactory.
Discussion:
Korat-NAM represents a critical first step in the interdisciplinary management of complete UCLP. Early correction of alveolar and nasal deformities facilitates subsequent surgical, orthodontic, and speech interventions, reducing treatment complexity and the need for secondary surgical procedures.
Conclusions:
This case demonstrates that early nasoalveolar molding, integrated with coordinated interdisciplinary protocol, can achieve favorable functional and esthetic outcomes that are maintained through adolescence.
To present the comprehensive interdisciplinary treatment protocol and long-term outcomes of a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using the Korat Nasoalveolar Molding (Korat-NAM) protocol from infancy through adolescence.
Materials & Methods:
A 4-day-old male infant presented with a right complete UCLP, wide alveolar and palatal cleft and severe cleft lip nasal deformity. Korat-NAM-I was initiated immediately after birth to approximate the alveolar segments, reduce the alveolar and palatal clefts, elevate the collapsed nasal dome, improve columellar length, and mold the nasal cartilage. Primary cleft-lip repair with nasal-floor closure and primary rhinoplasty was performed at 6-months-old. Korat-NAM-II was worn until primary palatoplasty at 18 months -old to maintain nasal correction, followed by Korat-NAM-III from 18 months to further preserve nasal morphology. At 7.6-year-old, a fan-shaped maxillary-expansion-appliance was used to correct mid-arch collapse in preparation for secondary alveolar bone grafting. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment with extraction of the four first premolars using fixed appliances commenced at 13.4-year-old to resolve malocclusion. Speech therapy was provided continuously throughout growth.
Results:
At 15.8-year-old, patient demonstrated a straight facial profile with good nasal-projection, satisfactory lip and nasal esthetics, Class I occlusion, and 1-mm overjet. Serial lateral-cephalometric analysis from 7.6-year-old to 15.8-year-old showed ANB angle change from 2° to −1°, reflecting mandibula- growth while maintaining acceptable skeletal and dental relationships. Functional, esthetics and speech outcomes were satisfactory.
Discussion:
Korat-NAM represents a critical first step in the interdisciplinary management of complete UCLP. Early correction of alveolar and nasal deformities facilitates subsequent surgical, orthodontic, and speech interventions, reducing treatment complexity and the need for secondary surgical procedures.
Conclusions:
This case demonstrates that early nasoalveolar molding, integrated with coordinated interdisciplinary protocol, can achieve favorable functional and esthetic outcomes that are maintained through adolescence.
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RP-0004
- Title
- A Review of Orthodontic Considerations before and after Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate
- Author(s)
- Cecile Ammeli Cabrera
- Affiliation
- College of Dentistry, University of the Philippines Manila; Noordhoff Craniofacial Foundation Philippines; Smile Train Craniofacial Center Manila; Our Lady of Peace Craniofacial Center, Paranaque
A Review of Orthodontic Considerations before and after Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate RP-0004
Cecile Ammeli Cabrera · Research
A Review of Orthodontic Considerations before and after Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate*
Cecile Tuano Cabrera, DMD, MSD
Noordhoff Craniofacial Foundation Philippines
College of Dentistry, University of the Philippines Manila
Smile Train Craniofacial Center, Manila
Our Lady of Peace Hospital, Paranaque
Introduction
Successful orthodontic management in cleft lip and palate, in relation alveolar bone grafting depends on key factors: timing, treatment sequencing, pre-graft preparation and post-graft management. This review highlights current management concepts and protocols.
Methods
A selective literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar with keywords related to alveolar bone grafting, orthodontics, cleft lip and palate, maxillary expansion, and maxillary protraction.
Results and Key Findings
Assessment should begin at the mixed dentition stage to determine optimal timing and sequence of grafting and related procedures. Regular clinical and radiographic evaluation is essential. Indications for pre‑graft orthodontics include severe collapse of alveolar segments, traumatic occlusion near the cleft, and inadequate surgical access. Grafting is ideally performed when the canine root adjacent to the cleft is one‑half to two‑thirds developed, though some centers graft earlier when the lateral incisor is adjacent. After grafting, maxillary expansion may be performed in patients who have not received pre-graft orthodontics. Some patients may benefit from maxillary protraction during the late mixed or early permanent dentition stage. Following bone graft surgery, orthodontic treatment may either proceed—depending on the individual case—or be paused until the patient achieves full skeletal maturity.
Conclusion
Orthodontic care is integral to interdisciplinary management of cleft lip and palate. Each patient presents unique needs, and collaboration among cleft team members is vital to create individualized treatment plans that optimize outcomes.
*This article was published in: Acta Medica Philippina in 2024. Free full text link in Pubmed: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11694040/
Cecile Tuano Cabrera, DMD, MSD
Noordhoff Craniofacial Foundation Philippines
College of Dentistry, University of the Philippines Manila
Smile Train Craniofacial Center, Manila
Our Lady of Peace Hospital, Paranaque
Introduction
Successful orthodontic management in cleft lip and palate, in relation alveolar bone grafting depends on key factors: timing, treatment sequencing, pre-graft preparation and post-graft management. This review highlights current management concepts and protocols.
Methods
A selective literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar with keywords related to alveolar bone grafting, orthodontics, cleft lip and palate, maxillary expansion, and maxillary protraction.
Results and Key Findings
Assessment should begin at the mixed dentition stage to determine optimal timing and sequence of grafting and related procedures. Regular clinical and radiographic evaluation is essential. Indications for pre‑graft orthodontics include severe collapse of alveolar segments, traumatic occlusion near the cleft, and inadequate surgical access. Grafting is ideally performed when the canine root adjacent to the cleft is one‑half to two‑thirds developed, though some centers graft earlier when the lateral incisor is adjacent. After grafting, maxillary expansion may be performed in patients who have not received pre-graft orthodontics. Some patients may benefit from maxillary protraction during the late mixed or early permanent dentition stage. Following bone graft surgery, orthodontic treatment may either proceed—depending on the individual case—or be paused until the patient achieves full skeletal maturity.
Conclusion
Orthodontic care is integral to interdisciplinary management of cleft lip and palate. Each patient presents unique needs, and collaboration among cleft team members is vital to create individualized treatment plans that optimize outcomes.
*This article was published in: Acta Medica Philippina in 2024. Free full text link in Pubmed: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11694040/
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RP-0019
- Title
- Early Growth Trajectories in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate Receiving Digital NAM: A Longitudinal Comparison with WHO Child Growth Standards
- Author(s)
- Suteera Pradubwong
- Affiliation
- Tawanchai Cleft Center, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Early Growth Trajectories in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate Receiving Digital NAM: A Longitudinal Comparison with WHO Child Growth Standards RP-0019
Suteera Pradubwong · Research
Introduction
Infants with cleft lip and palate are at risk of feeding difficulties and impaired early growth. Digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) may support feeding and presurgical management, but evidence on early growth trajectories during NAM therapy remains limited. Monitoring growth alongside caregiver competency may help optimize early, family-centered care.
Objective
To evaluate early growth trajectories in infants with cleft lip and palate receiving digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) and to compare growth patterns with WHO Child Growth Standards.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted among 12 infants with cleft lip and palate enrolled at ≤4 weeks of age at the Cleft Center of Excellence, Northeastern Thailand. Infants received digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy with caregiver training and feeding support. Data were collected at approximately 1, 2–3, and 5–6 months of age. Weight, length, head circumference, feeding methods, and caregiver appliance-management skills were assessed. Growth trajectories were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed-effects restricted maximum likelihood (REML) regression.
Results
Most participants were male (58.33%) and had unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (91.67%). Caregivers demonstrated progressively improved appliance management skills over time, with few complications. Feeding was primarily achieved through alternative methods, while direct breastfeeding was limited. Weight increased significantly over time, with age significantly predicting weight gain. Mixed formula bottle feeding showed a positive trend but was not statistically significant. Caregiver competence in device-assisted feeding, particularly during the nasal and alveolar molding phase, was significantly associated with improved weight gain.
Conclusions
Early growth in infants with cleft lip and palate receiving digital NAM is influenced by both biological factors and caregiver competency. These findings support the importance of integrated, family-centered care consistent with WHO child growth and development principles.
Infants with cleft lip and palate are at risk of feeding difficulties and impaired early growth. Digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) may support feeding and presurgical management, but evidence on early growth trajectories during NAM therapy remains limited. Monitoring growth alongside caregiver competency may help optimize early, family-centered care.
Objective
To evaluate early growth trajectories in infants with cleft lip and palate receiving digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) and to compare growth patterns with WHO Child Growth Standards.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted among 12 infants with cleft lip and palate enrolled at ≤4 weeks of age at the Cleft Center of Excellence, Northeastern Thailand. Infants received digital nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy with caregiver training and feeding support. Data were collected at approximately 1, 2–3, and 5–6 months of age. Weight, length, head circumference, feeding methods, and caregiver appliance-management skills were assessed. Growth trajectories were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed-effects restricted maximum likelihood (REML) regression.
Results
Most participants were male (58.33%) and had unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (91.67%). Caregivers demonstrated progressively improved appliance management skills over time, with few complications. Feeding was primarily achieved through alternative methods, while direct breastfeeding was limited. Weight increased significantly over time, with age significantly predicting weight gain. Mixed formula bottle feeding showed a positive trend but was not statistically significant. Caregiver competence in device-assisted feeding, particularly during the nasal and alveolar molding phase, was significantly associated with improved weight gain.
Conclusions
Early growth in infants with cleft lip and palate receiving digital NAM is influenced by both biological factors and caregiver competency. These findings support the importance of integrated, family-centered care consistent with WHO child growth and development principles.
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RP-0007
- Title
- Community-Based Folate Promotion for Preventing Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Among High-Risk Mothers in the Thai–Lao–Myanmar Border Region
- Author(s)
- Siriporn Sasakul
- Affiliation
- Northern Women's Development Foundation, Thailand
Community-Based Folate Promotion for Preventing Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Among High-Risk Mothers in the Thai–Lao–Myanmar Border Region RP-0007
Siriporn Sasakul · Research
Introduction: Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCL/P) is a significant congenital anomaly despite evidence supporting periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation for primary prevention. Underserved border communities face challenges in accessing health information and preconception care. The Northern Women's Development Foundation (NWDF) collaborates with vulnerable families to bridge this gap. This study explored how community-based interventions support successful prevention among 4 high-risk mothers.
Materials & Methods: A qualitative descriptive study used semi-structured interviews with 1 experienced practitioner and 4 high-risk mothers from Myanmar (2), Thailand (1), and Laos (1). Reflexive thematic analysis examined how community health promotion facilitated FA uptake and preventive maternal behaviors.
Result(s): The reflexive analysis identified 4 themes reflecting a journey from risk-related fear to proactive empowerment: (1) Trust as a Catalyst for Engagement, where long-term community presence enabled identifying high-risk women; (2) Reclaiming Agency Through FA Protocols, mothers with personal CLP history (3 cases) or a previous cleft child (1 case) shifted from anxiety to empowerment through strict folic acid (FA) adherence and clinical consultations; (3) Holistic Lifestyle Synergy, where avoiding household smoke and heavy labor complemented medical care; and (4) Generative Advocacy, where the concrete success of 4 healthy infants born without CLP motivated mothers to become community peer advocates.
Conclusion: Successful NSCL/P prevention is achievable in resource-limited settings through integrated community-based and formal maternal healthcare. These concrete successes demonstrate that structural preconception support and folic acid adherence can effectively reduce the lifelong burden of cleft conditions.
Materials & Methods: A qualitative descriptive study used semi-structured interviews with 1 experienced practitioner and 4 high-risk mothers from Myanmar (2), Thailand (1), and Laos (1). Reflexive thematic analysis examined how community health promotion facilitated FA uptake and preventive maternal behaviors.
Result(s): The reflexive analysis identified 4 themes reflecting a journey from risk-related fear to proactive empowerment: (1) Trust as a Catalyst for Engagement, where long-term community presence enabled identifying high-risk women; (2) Reclaiming Agency Through FA Protocols, mothers with personal CLP history (3 cases) or a previous cleft child (1 case) shifted from anxiety to empowerment through strict folic acid (FA) adherence and clinical consultations; (3) Holistic Lifestyle Synergy, where avoiding household smoke and heavy labor complemented medical care; and (4) Generative Advocacy, where the concrete success of 4 healthy infants born without CLP motivated mothers to become community peer advocates.
Conclusion: Successful NSCL/P prevention is achievable in resource-limited settings through integrated community-based and formal maternal healthcare. These concrete successes demonstrate that structural preconception support and folic acid adherence can effectively reduce the lifelong burden of cleft conditions.
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RP-0005
- Title
- Families’ Lived Experiences, Quality of Life, and Health Equity in Childhood Nonsyndromic Clefts in Transboundary Haze Areas: A Hermeneutic Study with Border Health NGOs
- Author(s)
- Siriporn Sasakul
- Affiliation
- Dentistry Department, Nation University
Families’ Lived Experiences, Quality of Life, and Health Equity in Childhood Nonsyndromic Clefts in Transboundary Haze Areas: A Hermeneutic Study with Border Health NGOs RP-0005
Siriporn Sasakul · Research
Introduction: This qualitative study aimed to understand and interpret the lived experiences, quality of life, and health equity of families of children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate in border areas affected by transboundary haze. Perspectives from border health nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) were incorporated to illuminate the broader systemic context.
Methods: Hermeneutic phenomenology, informed by van Manen, provided the principal philosophical framework for interpreting lived experience. Data were analyzed using the six phases of reflexive thematic analysis to enhance methodological rigor and transparency in theme development. Participants were purposively selected from family members, primary caregivers, and key informants from border health NGOs, yielding 15 data sources. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews, family interviews, and small-group discussions. Family narratives and systemic perspectives were analyzed separately before interpretive synthesis.
Results: Six themes were identified: (1) from emotional shock to acceptance; (2) feeding as a mission for survival; (3) between the social gaze and everyday normalcy; (4) borders turning treatment into a long-term journey; (5) constructing meanings of causation amid uncertainty; and (6) NGOs as bridges to health equity. The essence of the experience was families’ sustained effort to help their children survive, grow, communicate, and attain social belonging. These outcomes depended not only on individual resilience but also on nutrition, income, language, documentation, distance, information, referral systems, and support networks.
Conclusion: The findings support family-centered cleft care, case coordination, multilingual communication, and cross-border collaboration grounded in health equity. Participants’ perceptions of haze and chemical exposure should be regarded as hypothesis-generating contextual evidence rather than epidemiological confirmation of causation.
Methods: Hermeneutic phenomenology, informed by van Manen, provided the principal philosophical framework for interpreting lived experience. Data were analyzed using the six phases of reflexive thematic analysis to enhance methodological rigor and transparency in theme development. Participants were purposively selected from family members, primary caregivers, and key informants from border health NGOs, yielding 15 data sources. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews, family interviews, and small-group discussions. Family narratives and systemic perspectives were analyzed separately before interpretive synthesis.
Results: Six themes were identified: (1) from emotional shock to acceptance; (2) feeding as a mission for survival; (3) between the social gaze and everyday normalcy; (4) borders turning treatment into a long-term journey; (5) constructing meanings of causation amid uncertainty; and (6) NGOs as bridges to health equity. The essence of the experience was families’ sustained effort to help their children survive, grow, communicate, and attain social belonging. These outcomes depended not only on individual resilience but also on nutrition, income, language, documentation, distance, information, referral systems, and support networks.
Conclusion: The findings support family-centered cleft care, case coordination, multilingual communication, and cross-border collaboration grounded in health equity. Participants’ perceptions of haze and chemical exposure should be regarded as hypothesis-generating contextual evidence rather than epidemiological confirmation of causation.
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RP-0006
- Title
- Clinical guidelines for cleft lip and palate care: a systematic review
- Author(s)
- Omar Barasain
- Affiliation
- University of Alberta
Clinical guidelines for cleft lip and palate care: a systematic review RP-0006
Omar Barasain · Research
Abstract
Objectives: The care of patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate is not standardized across centres. High quality and evidence-based standards to guide clinical decision-making are critical. The objective of this review is to appraise the scope, quality, adequacy, consistency, and limitations of guidelines relating to the management of CL/CLP in children across all disciplines of care.
Design: (PRISMA) guidelines, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases were systematically searched for guidelines relating to the care and management of children with CL/CLP. Guidelines were assessed utilizing the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument.
Results: Fifty-Four standards were selected for inclusion. Most studies were performed in the United States (44.4%) and United Kingdom (38.9%). Standards consisted of primarily expert consensus recommendations (38%). Recommendations were principally developed by a task force or after expert consensus (39.6%). Recommendations were coded according to nine thematic domains: "Feeding ", "Orthodontics", "Surgery", "Speech", "Breathing”, “Appearance", "Psychosocial Outcome", "Team Composition and Dynamics", and "Cost of Care ". No guideline encompassed all domains. Discrepancies were observed across domains, guideline setting, and data collection method.
Conclusions: Existing guidelines can effectively be organized into nine categories. Based on appraised quality of evidence for recommendations, they are supported by moderate quality of evidence and should be utilized to guide clinical decision-making to improve outcomes for CL/CLP patients. Nonetheless, there is an ongoing need for high-quality practice guidelines for comprehensive CL/CLP care.
Objectives: The care of patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate is not standardized across centres. High quality and evidence-based standards to guide clinical decision-making are critical. The objective of this review is to appraise the scope, quality, adequacy, consistency, and limitations of guidelines relating to the management of CL/CLP in children across all disciplines of care.
Design: (PRISMA) guidelines, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases were systematically searched for guidelines relating to the care and management of children with CL/CLP. Guidelines were assessed utilizing the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument.
Results: Fifty-Four standards were selected for inclusion. Most studies were performed in the United States (44.4%) and United Kingdom (38.9%). Standards consisted of primarily expert consensus recommendations (38%). Recommendations were principally developed by a task force or after expert consensus (39.6%). Recommendations were coded according to nine thematic domains: "Feeding ", "Orthodontics", "Surgery", "Speech", "Breathing”, “Appearance", "Psychosocial Outcome", "Team Composition and Dynamics", and "Cost of Care ". No guideline encompassed all domains. Discrepancies were observed across domains, guideline setting, and data collection method.
Conclusions: Existing guidelines can effectively be organized into nine categories. Based on appraised quality of evidence for recommendations, they are supported by moderate quality of evidence and should be utilized to guide clinical decision-making to improve outcomes for CL/CLP patients. Nonetheless, there is an ongoing need for high-quality practice guidelines for comprehensive CL/CLP care.
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CP-0013
- Title
- Long-term Speech and Resonance Outcomes of Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series from Northeast Thailand
- Author(s)
- Natthasart Unasri
- Affiliation
- Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Long-term Speech and Resonance Outcomes of Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series from Northeast Thailand CP-0013
Natthasart Unasri · Case Study
Background: COVID-19 disruptions delayed cleft surgeries and therapy. Long-term speech outcomes of pandemic-born cohorts remain underreported.
Objectives: To compare 2026 speech, resonance, and oral-motor outcomes of three pediatric patients with Left Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) managed during 2020–2022 at Khon Kaen Hospital.
Methods: Retrospective tracking of three children (aged 5–6 years). Perceptual speech, resonance, and oral-motor function (Range of Motion; ROM) were evaluated alongside clinical timelines and complications.
Results: Outcomes in 2026 were highly heterogeneous:
Case 1 (High therapy adherence): Achieved competent sentence production, Mild articulation impairment, Fair intelligibility, and normal resonance (Hypernasality: 0, Nasal Emission: 0).
Case 2 (Late-onset hearing loss): Showed Moderate articulation impairment, Poor intelligibility, and mild resonance deficits (+1).
Case 3 (Surgical delay + oronasal fistula): Displayed restricted language (words/phrases), Severe articulation impairment, Poor intelligibility, resolved hypernasality (0), but persistent nasal emission (+1).
All cases showed "Adequate / Partial ROM".
Conclusion: Pandemic disruptions severely impacted long-term speech outcomes, heavily dictated by surgical timing, therapy compliance, fistulas, and hearing barriers. Targeted interventions are crucial to bridge these pandemic-induced care gaps.
Objectives: To compare 2026 speech, resonance, and oral-motor outcomes of three pediatric patients with Left Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) managed during 2020–2022 at Khon Kaen Hospital.
Methods: Retrospective tracking of three children (aged 5–6 years). Perceptual speech, resonance, and oral-motor function (Range of Motion; ROM) were evaluated alongside clinical timelines and complications.
Results: Outcomes in 2026 were highly heterogeneous:
Case 1 (High therapy adherence): Achieved competent sentence production, Mild articulation impairment, Fair intelligibility, and normal resonance (Hypernasality: 0, Nasal Emission: 0).
Case 2 (Late-onset hearing loss): Showed Moderate articulation impairment, Poor intelligibility, and mild resonance deficits (+1).
Case 3 (Surgical delay + oronasal fistula): Displayed restricted language (words/phrases), Severe articulation impairment, Poor intelligibility, resolved hypernasality (0), but persistent nasal emission (+1).
All cases showed "Adequate / Partial ROM".
Conclusion: Pandemic disruptions severely impacted long-term speech outcomes, heavily dictated by surgical timing, therapy compliance, fistulas, and hearing barriers. Targeted interventions are crucial to bridge these pandemic-induced care gaps.
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RP-0010
- Title
- An analysis of mandibular characteristics according to biological sex using 3D CT scans in Koreans
- Author(s)
- Soyeon Jung
- Affiliation
- Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital
An analysis of mandibular characteristics according to biological sex using 3D CT scans in Koreans RP-0010
Soyeon Jung · Research
Introduction: With the increasing demand for facial feminization surgery (FFS), precise knowledge of sex-based andibular morphology has become clinically relevant. In this study, “male” and “female” refer to biological sex as recorded in medical records; gender identity was not assessed. We aimed to analyze sex differences in mandibular morphology using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) in a Korean population and to provide anatomic data applicable to mandibular contouring in FFS.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 275 Korean patients who underwent facial CT between 2017 and 2019. Three- dimensional cephalometric analysis was performed to evaluate angular, linear, and transverse mandibular parameters, as well as non-metric features including chin shape and inferior mandibular border contour. Statistical comparisons were performed between sexes.
Results: Significant gender differences were observed in mandibular angle, mandible length, antegonial notch distance, intercondylar width, and intergonial width (all p < 0.001). Ramus length and chin width did not demonstrate statistically significant differences. Non-metric analysis revealed significant gender differences in chin morphology and inferior mandibular border contour (p < 0.001). Males predominantly exhibited a round or square chin (79.5%) and a rocker-shaped inferior border, whereas females commonly demonstrated a pointed chin (82.3%) and a straight inferior mandibular border (94.4%).
Conclusions: The gender-specific mandible features are characterized by differences in angularity, transverse width, antegonial morphology, and inferior border contour. These findings provide population-specific morphological reference ranges that may support individualized preoperative assessment for mandibular contouring in facial feminization surgery.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 275 Korean patients who underwent facial CT between 2017 and 2019. Three- dimensional cephalometric analysis was performed to evaluate angular, linear, and transverse mandibular parameters, as well as non-metric features including chin shape and inferior mandibular border contour. Statistical comparisons were performed between sexes.
Results: Significant gender differences were observed in mandibular angle, mandible length, antegonial notch distance, intercondylar width, and intergonial width (all p < 0.001). Ramus length and chin width did not demonstrate statistically significant differences. Non-metric analysis revealed significant gender differences in chin morphology and inferior mandibular border contour (p < 0.001). Males predominantly exhibited a round or square chin (79.5%) and a rocker-shaped inferior border, whereas females commonly demonstrated a pointed chin (82.3%) and a straight inferior mandibular border (94.4%).
Conclusions: The gender-specific mandible features are characterized by differences in angularity, transverse width, antegonial morphology, and inferior border contour. These findings provide population-specific morphological reference ranges that may support individualized preoperative assessment for mandibular contouring in facial feminization surgery.
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